What is the definition of cultural diffusion?

Cultural diffusion is best understood as the spread of cultural beliefs and social activities between groups. This concept highlights the process through which elements of culture, such as ideas, practices, technologies, and languages, are transmitted from one society or group to another. This exchange can occur through various means, including trade, migration, communication, and interaction between communities.

When cultures come into contact, they often influence one another, leading to adaptations and changes. For instance, when people from different cultures meet, they might share culinary practices, artistic styles, religious beliefs, or technological innovations. This blending can result in new cultural expressions and a more interconnected world.

In contrast, the other options capture different aspects of cultural interactions or preservation. While the merging of cultural groups can result in cultural diffusion, it does not specifically define the process of spreading beliefs and activities. Preservation of traditional customs emphasizes maintaining cultural heritage rather than the dynamics of exchange. Finally, the exclusion of outside influences describes a process contrary to diffusion, as it focuses on isolation rather than interaction. Thus, the correct answer encapsulates the essential nature of cultural diffusion as a process of spread and exchange.